
In the middle ages, feudalism was the main organization for towns and cities. Feudalism works when a landowner offers someone to work on his land in exchange for protection. The military heavily focused on sieges rather than open battles, so castles would be fortified with defences like ditches, moats, battlements, towers, etc. Knights were a heavily used form of warriors. A knight would train his squire from teenage years to adulthood, in which he would then become a knight. Knights were typically heavy cavalry wielding longswords and wearing steel, iron, or chain mail armor.
In the Middle ages, there were many more kinds of weapons. The 5 main categories were bladed weapons, blunt weapons, ranged weapons, siege weapons, and polearms. Bladed weapons included things like longswords, battleaxes, daggers, greatswords, etc. Blunt weapons were things like maces, flails, clubs, battle hammers, and mauls. Ranged weapons were things like crossbows, longbows, reflex/short bows, and more. Polearms were spears, halberds, glaives, polaxes, and pikes. Some examples of Middle Age siege weapons were catapults, trebuchets, ballistas, early cannons, battering rams, etc.
In Medieval Europe, knights would train their squires from a young age to eventually become knights themselves. Additionally, there were manuals written that taught techniques for wrestling, battle tactics, and instructions on how to use complex weapons. In Fiore Dei Liberi's The Flower Of Battle, there are teachings for mounted fighting, using a poleaxe, using a sword, etc.

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